Tabbed Browsing

Tabbed Browsing

Tabbed browsing lets you open tabs, each displaying a web page, within a single Firefox window. You can open links in new tabs, where they will load while you read the current page. You don't have to use tabbed browsing, but if you do you might find tabbed browsing is a better, faster way to browse the Web.

Creating and Loading Tabs

To open a new tab, press Ctrl+T, select File > New Tab, or double-click an empty space in the Tab Bar.

To load a link in a tab, you can do one of the following:

* Middle-click the link. (If you have a mouse wheel, clicking the wheel is quivalent to middle-clicking.)

* Drag the link and drop it on an empty space in the Tab Bar. (If only one eb page is open, the Tab Bar may be hidden. See Customizing Tabbed Browsing for information on how o change this.)

* Drag and drop the link onto a tab to open the link in that tab.

* Right-click, click on the link, and choose Open Link in New Tab from the context menu.

To open a URL in the Location Bar in a new tab, enter the URL and press Alt+Enter.

Moving Tabs Within a Window

Tabs are displayed in the order you open them, which may not always be what you want. To move a tab to a different location within a Firefox window, simply drag it there using your mouse. While you are dragging the tab, Firefox displays a small indicator to show where the tab will be moved. Alternately, you can use keyboard shortcuts to move tabs within a window if desired.

Closing and Restoring Tabs

To close the current tab, press Ctrl+W, click the Close Tab button, middle-click the tab, or select File > Close Tab. To close all tabs other than the current one, right-click, click on the tab and choose Close Other Tabs.

Firefox windows keep a list of tabs you closed recently. You can restore any tab by selecting it from History >Recently Closed Tabs. You can restore all tabs by selecting History > Recently Closed Tabs > Open All in Tabs. Press Ctrl+Shift+T to open them one by one in reverse order.

Customizing Tabbed Browsing

To change tabbed browsing optionspreferences select Tools > Options and open the Tabs panel.

Accepting and Blocking Cookies

Accepting and Blocking Cookies

If you've chosen ask me every time from the Keep until menu, you'll see a dialog whenever a site tries to store a cookie on your computer providing the following options:

Allow

To allow this particular cookie, just click Allow. Use this if you trust the site.

Allow for Session

If you want to allow this cookie for now, but have it deleted when you exit Firefox, click Allow for Session. Use this if the site doesn't work without cookies, but you don't want to have a permanent cookie stored for it.

Deny

If you don't want this cookie to be stored, click Deny. Use this if you don't trust the site or suspect that it's compromising your privacy.

Use my choice for all cookies from this site

Select this checkbox before clicking any of the buttons if you want Firefox to remember your decision and not ask again. The site will be added to the Cookie Exceptions window, where you can revert your choice should you wish to do so later.

The Cookies Exceptions Window

Access this window by clicking the Exceptions... button in cookies options. Here you can make exceptions from your general cookies options for specific sites. Using exceptions, you can allow all cookies, reject all cookies, or allow all cookies but have them deleted when you exit Firefox, regardless of your other cookie settings.

To add a site to this list, simply type the site's domain name in the field labeled Address of web site. Then click Block to reject cookies from the site, click Allow to allow cookies from the site, or click Allow for Session to allow cookies from the site but have them deleted when you exit Firefox.

To remove a site from this list, select it and click Remove Site. To clear the list completely, click Remove All Sites. This will clear the exceptions list so your general cookies options apply.

The View Cookies Window

Use the View Cookies window to view and remove cookies. To access it, click the View Cookies button in cookies options.

This window lists all cookies currently stored on your computer, grouped by site. You can expand the sites and select a cookie to display more information about it. You can also search for a site or a cookie name by typing in the search bar.

To remove a cookie from the list, select it and click Remove Cookie. To remove a site's cookies, select the site and click Remove Cookie(s). To wipe all cookies, click Remove All Cookies.

Managing Cookies

Managing Cookies

This document explains what cookies are, how they are used, and how you can gain control over the cookies stored on your computer by using the Cookie Manager in Mozilla Firefox.

What is a Cookie?

A cookie is a file created by an Internet site to store information on your computer, such as your preferences when visiting that site. When you visit a site that uses cookies, the site might ask Firefox to place one or more cookies on your hard disk.

Later, when you return to the site, Firefox sends back the cookies that belong to the site. This allows the site to present you with information customized to fit your needs.

Cookies can also store personally identifiable information. Personally identifiable information is information that can be used to identify or contact you, such as your name, e-mail address, home or work address, or telephone number. However, a web site only has access to the personal information that you provide. For example, a web site cannot determine your e-mail address unless you provide it. Also, a web site cannot gain access to other information on your computer.

When you use the default cookie settings, this activity is invisible to you, and you won't know when a web site is setting a cookie or when Firefox is sending a web site its cookie. However, you can set your cookies options so that you will be asked before a cookie is set. You can also restrict the lifetime of cookies to your current Firefox session.

Setting Up Cookie Rules
By default Firefox accepts all cookies, including cookies which would allow a site to recognize you effectively forever. If this doesn't suit you, you can tell Firefox to delete all cookies when you close Firefox:

1. Select Tools > Options and open the Privacy panel.

2. Select the I close Firefox option from the Keep until menu.

If you want to grant sites you trust the ability to store cookies permanently (e.g., to allow you to log in automatically to a site), click Exceptions..., enter the site address, and click Allow.

All the Settings
These are the options that affect how cookies are managed by Firefox:

Accept cookies from sites
If you don't want any sites to store cookies on your computer, uncheck this option. Note that some sites may not work properly when cookies are disabled. If you want to grant certain sites the ability to store cookies, open the Cookies Exceptions window by clicking Exceptions..., enter the site address, and click Allow or Allow for Session.

Keep until:
* they expire

If this option is selected, each cookie will be removed when the
site that set it has determined the cookie should expire.

* I close Firefox

If this option is selected, cookies will be removed when you
restart Firefox. Web sites requiring the use of cookies will
still work, but if you restart Firefox, the web site will think
that you logged into the site for the first time again.

* ask me every time

Display an alert every time a web site tries to store a cookie asking you
if you want that cookie stored.

Controlling Popups

Controlling Popups

This document explains all of the options available in Mozilla Firefox for controlling popups.

What are Popups?

Popup windows, or popups, are windows that appear automatically without your permission. They vary in size but usually don't cover the whole screen. Some popups open on top of the current Firefox window, while others appear underneath Firefox (popunders).

Firefox allows you to control both popups and popunders through the Content panel in Options. Popup blocking is turned on by default, so you don't have to worry about enabling it to prevent popups from appearing in Firefox.

When blocking a popup, Firefox displays an information bar, as well as an icon in the status bar. When you click either the Options button in the information bar or the icon in the status bar, a menu is displayed with the following choices:

* Allow/Block popups for this site

* Edit Popup Blocker Options...

* Don't show this message (info message) when popups are blocked

* (show a blocked popup)

Blocking popups may interfere with some web sites: Some web sites, including some banking sites, use popups for important features. Blocking all popups disables such features. To allow specific web sites to use popups, while blocking all others, you can add specific web sites to the list of allowed sites.

Blocking popups doesn't always work: Although Firefox blocks most popups, some web sites may show popups using uncovered methods, even when blocked.

Popup Blocker Options

The Popup Blocker Options are located in the Content panel of Tools > Options

From there, you can do the following things:

* Block pop-up windows: Deselect this option to disable the popup blocker altogether.

* Exceptions dialog: This is a list of sites that you want to allow to display popups. The dialog has the following choices:

o Allow: Click this to add a web site to the exceptions list.

o Remove Site: Click this to remove a web site from the exceptions list.

o Remove All Sites: Click this to remove all of the web sites in the exceptions list.

Note: Blocking popups may not always work and may interfere with some web sites.

Encryption tab

Encryption tab

Protocols

Use SSL 3.0

Specifies whether you want to send and receive secured information through SSL3 (Secure Sockets Layer, Level 3), a standard protocol for communicating securely with web sites. Disabling it will prevent you from visiting some sites.

Use TLS 1.0

Specifies whether you want to send and receive secured information through TLS (Transport Layer Security), a security standard similar to SSL3 (Secure Sockets Layer). Disabling it will prevent you from visiting some sites.

Certificates

Certificates help perform encryption and decryption of connections to secure sites.

When a web site requires a certificate:

When a web site requests a secure connection, Firefox will by default automatically use an appropriate certificate. If you wish to manually choose a certificate (for example, if you wish to use a certain type of encryption instead of what is automatically selected), select the Option Ask me every time and you'll be in complete control of what certificates you use while browsing.

View Certificates

Click this button to view stored certificates, import new certificates, and back up or delete old certificates in Firefox.

Revocation Lists

Firefox can use Certificate Revocation Lists (also known as CRLs) to ensure that your certificates are always valid. Click the Revocation Lists button to manage the CRLs installed on your computer.

Verification

Firefox can verify the validity of your certificates using OCSP (Online Certificate Status Protocol) every time they are viewed or used. Firefox does not use OCSP by default, but if you want to enable it, you can do so here. You will most likely only need to change this if your Internet environment requires it.

Security Devices

Security devices can encrypt and decrypt connections and store certificates and passwords. If you need to use a security device other than the one in Firefox, click the Security Devices button.

Network tab

Network tab

Connection

Your organization or Internet service provider may offer or require you to use a proxy. A proxy acts as an intermediary between your computer and the Internet. It intercepts all requests to the Internet to see if it can fulfill the request using its cache. Proxies are used to improve performance, filter requests, and hide your computer from the Internet to improve security. Proxies are often part of corporate firewalls.

Connection Settings Dialog

Direct connection to the Internet

This is the default Option. Choose this if you don't want to use a proxy.

Auto-detect proxy settings for this network

Choose this if you want Firefox to automatically detect the proxy settings for your network.

Manual proxy configuration

Choose this if you don't have a proxy location (URL). Ask your system administrator for the names and port numbers of the servers running proxy software for each network service and enter the information in the appropriate fields.

Automatic proxy configuration URL

If your workplace has a proxy configuration file, ask the system administrator for its URL and enter it here. Click Reload to load the settings.

Cache

Pages you view are normally stored in a special cache folder for quicker viewing the next time you visit the same page. You can specify the amount of disk space the cache can use here. You can also immediately clear the contents of the cache.

Use up to ... MB of space for the cache

Allows you to specify the maximum size, in megabytes, of the cache on your computer.

Clear Now

Immediately clears the current contents of the cache, freeing the disk space used by the cache.

Update tab

Firefox can check whether updates to installed add-ons or to Firefox itself are available.

Automatically check for updates to:

By default Firefox automatically checks for updates to itself, to add-ons, and to search engines so you'll always know you have the most up-to-date version. You can change this behavior by changing the appropriate checkboxes here.

When updates to Firefox are found,

Ask me what I want to do

Updates to Firefox are installed automatically by default. Select this Option to manually control how and when updates are installed.

Automatically download and install the update

When this Option is selected, Firefox updates will be automatically downloaded and will be installed the next time Firefox is restarted. The Warn me if this will disable any add-ons Option determines whether you will be warned before the installation of an update which would require an incompatible add-on to be disabled because no newer, compatible version exists. The warning will allow you to postpone installation of the update, though at the expense of improvements included in it.

If all extensions and themes are compatible or can be updated to be compatible, the Firefox update will be installed. Upon restart you will be asked to install any needed add-on updates so that you can continue to use them.

Show Update History

Firefox automatically records the updates you have installed. You can view information about these updates by clicking this button.

Note: You must be running Firefox as an administratorroot or as the user who originally installed Firefox to install Firefox updates.

Advanced Options

Advanced Options

The advanced panel contains many Options that are less likely to be used by most people but are useful and sometimes critical Options for some people.

General tab

Accessibility
Always use the cursor keys to navigate within pages
When this Option is enabled, Firefox will display a movable cursor in web pages, allowing you to select text with the keyboard. You can toggle this mode by pressing F7.

Search for text when I start typing
When this Option is enabled, Firefox will find within the current web page what you type as you type it. While you are finding typed text in the page, the Find Toolbar will automatically display at the bottom of the window to show information about what you've found.

Browsing

Use autoscrolling
Autoscrolling is a useful feature which allows you to scroll the page by clicking the middle mouse button (usually the scroll wheel) and moving the mouse up or down. Some people find this annoying, so autoscrolling can be disabled with this Option.

Use smooth scrolling

Smooth scrolling can be very useful if you read a lot of long pages. Normally, when you press Page Down, the view jumps directly down one page. With smooth scrolling, it slides down smoothly, so you can see how much it scrolls. This makes it easier to resume reading from where you were before.

Check my spelling as I type

When this preference is enabled, Firefox will check your spelling and offer possible corrections as you type in web forms. Note that you may need to download a dictionary; to do so, right-click on any text field, enable spellchecking if necessary, and then use the provided Languages menu to download a dictionary.

Languages

Some web pages are offered in more than one language. Click the Choose... button to specify your preferred language or languages.

Languages Dialog

To add a language, click Select a language to add..., choose the language, and click the Add button. Remove a language by selecting it in the list of active languages and clicking the Remove button. You can also reorder languages using the Move Up and Move Down buttons to determine the most preferred one in case a page is provided in multiple languages .

Security Options

Security Options

Warn me when sites try to install add-ons

Firefox will always ask you to confirm installations of add-ons. To prevent unrequested installation prompts which may lead to accidental installations, Firefox warns you when a web site tries to install an add-on and blocks the installation prompt. To allow installations from a specific site, click Exceptions..., enter the site name, and click Allow. Uncheck this Option to disable the warning for all sites.

Tell me if the site I'm visiting is a suspected forgery

Check this Option if you want Firefox to actively check whether the site you are visiting may be an attempt to mislead you into providing personal information (this is often referred to as phishing).

Check using a downloaded list of suspected sites

With this Option selected, Firefox will check the current site against a frequently updated list stored on your computer. No data about the sites you visit is transferred to third-party anti-phishing providers during normal browsing. Since phishing techniques and sites evolve quickly, this mode of protection may not be as effective as having an anti-phishing provider check every site you visit.

Check by asking ... about each site I visit

With this Option selected, Firefox will send the address of the current page over an encrypted connection to the selected third-party anti-phishing provider in order to verify its identity. This method offers the greatest protection, but information such as your IP address and browser version may be transfered and stored by the selected provider. You will be prompted to review and agree to the selected data provider's privacy policy after selecting this Option.

Passwords

Remember passwords for sites

Firefox can securely save passwords you enter in web forms to make it easier to log on to web sites. Clear this checkbox to prevent Firefox from remembering your passwords.

Even with this Option checked, however, you'll still be asked whether to save passwords for a site when you first visit it. If you select Never for This Site, that site will be added to an exceptions list. To access that list or to remove sites from it, click the Exceptions... button.

Use a master password

Firefox can protect sensitive information such as saved passwords and certificates by encrypting them using a master password. If you create a master password, each time you start Firefox, it will ask you to enter the password the first time it needs to access a certificate or stored password. You can set, change, or remove the master password by checking or unchecking this Option or by clicking the Change Master Password... button. If a master password is already set, you will need to enter it in order to change or remove the master password.

Show Passwords...

You can manage saved passwords and delete individual passwords by clicking the View Saved Passwords button.

Warning Messages

Click the Settings... button to configure the security warnings Firefox displays while you browse the web.

Security Warnings Dialog

I am about to view an encrypted page

When this Option is enabled, Firefox will notify you every time you are about to view an encrypted page.

I am about to view a page that uses low-grade encryption

With this Option enabled, Firefox will warn you when you visit a page which uses low-grade encryption.

I leave an encrypted page for one that isn't encrypted

With this Option enabled, Firefox will warn you every time you move from an encrypted page to an unencrypted page either by selecting a link on the page, selecting a bookmark or typing a new address into the location bar.

I submit information that's not encrypted

When this Option is enabled, Firefox will warn you when you submit data via a form that's not encrypted.

I'm about to view an encrypted page that contains some unencrypted information

With this Option enabled, Firefox will warn you when the page you're viewing contains a mixture of encrypted and unencrypted content. If an encrypted page contains unencrypted data, you should verify the identity of the page you're viewing prior to entering sensitive data.

Privacy Options

Privacy Options

History

Remember visited pages for the last ... days

Here you can specify how long you want Firefox to remember what pages you have visited. The default is 9 days.

Remember what I enter in forms and the search bar

When you enter information in web forms or the search bar in Firefox, that information is saved so that Firefox can give suggestions when you enter information in forms in the future. To stop this behavior, uncheck this Option.

Remember what I've downloaded

This option controls whether or not past downloads show up in the Downloads window. The Downloads window (accessible from Tools or by pressing Ctrl+J) displays a list of your recent downloads. Downloads Options are available in the Main panel.

Cookies

A cookie is a file created by a web site that stores information on your computer, such as site-specific preferences when visiting that site.

Accept cookies from sites

By default cookies are enabled. Uncheck this Option to disable the use of cookies. Note that some sites may not work properly when cookies are disabled.

Keep until:

* they expire

This is the default Option. When set, this allows websites to specify how long a cookie will be stored by Firefox. This makes it possible for a site to remember your preferences and login information across browser sessions.

* I close Firefox

With this Option selected, Firefox will remove all stored cookies when closed.

* ask me every time

With this Option enabled, Firefox will ask you how long you would like to keep a cookie (or refuse it entirely) every time a web site attempts to set one.

To control which sites may or may not set cookies, click the Exceptions... button.

To display the Cookie Manager click Show Cookies....

Learn more about cookies, the individual Options, and how you can gain control over what sites are allowed to store cookies on your computer by reading about Managing Cookies.

Private Data

Always clear my private data when I close Firefox

You can choose to have Firefox clear your private data when you close it. To configure what data is cleared, click the Settings...button.

Ask me before clearing private data

With this Option selected, Firefox will ask you before automatically clearing the data specified by clicking Settings....

If you wish to clear your private data right now, you can click the Clear Now... button to do so. To clear your private data from outside the preferences dialog, either press Ctrl+Shift+Del or select Tools > Clear Private Data....

Downloads

Downloads

This section contains options determining how Firefox downloads files.

Show the Downloads window when downloading a file. With this option selected, Firefox will open the Downloads window when you start downloading a file.

Close it when all downloads are finished

Select this option to have Firefox close the Downloads window when all downloads currently in progress finish.

Save files to

By default downloaded files are automatically saved to the Desktop, eliminating the hassle of specifying a download location for every file you download. You can choose a different folder by clicking the Browse...Choose...button.

Always ask me where to save files

With this option selected, Firefox will ask you where you would like to save every downloaded file (instead of using the default location specified above).

System Defaults

Always check to see if Firefox is the default browser on startup

Select this option if you want Firefox to check whether it is the default browser at startup. This will ensure Firefox is used whenever an application tries to display a web page. You can also click the Check Now button to do a check right now.

Tabs Options

New pages should be opened in:

This option controls whether links from other applications or from web pages which request to open them in new windows are opened in a new window or a new tab in the most recent window.

Note: If you have chosen to open pages in new tabs, Firefox will ignore this option and will open a new window from a link if the page author specified that the new window should have a specific size, because some pages can only be displayed correctly at a specific size.

Warn me when closing multiple tabs

When you close a window with multiple tabs, Firefox will ask you to confirm your choice. This prevents you from accidentally closing the whole window when you intended to only close the current tab. Uncheck this option to disable this warning and have Firefox automatically close the window.

Warn me when opening multiple tabs might slow down Firefox

When you open a large number of tabs at once, Firefox will ask you to confirm your choice. This prevents you from accidentally slowing down your system while the pages are loading. Uncheck this option to disable this warning.

Always show the tab bar

If you're only viewing one web page in a Firefox window, the tab bar is not normally shown. Check this option to always show the tab bar, including when only the Firefox window contains only one page.

When I open a link in a new tab, switch to it immediately

When you middle-click on a Web link (or hold down Ctrl while clicking with the left mouse button), the page will be opened in a new tab. That page will not be displayed and will load in a background tab. Check this option to load and display the page in a new foreground tab instead

Mozilla Firefox Options

Mozilla Firefox Options

This document explains all of the options available in the Options window of Mozilla Firefox.

Main Options

Startup

When you open Firefox, by default your home page is displayed. Your home page might be a commonly-visited web site, a search engine, or perhaps your email account, but the choice is up to you. You can change your home page or choose to display a different page or set of pages on startup in this section.

When Firefox starts

By default, when Firefox starts it opens your home page (listed inthe textbox immediately below), which corresponds to the Show my home page option. Alternately, you can choose to display a blank page on startup (perhaps to eliminate the time required to load that page from the Internet) by selecting the Show a blank page option.

As a final alternative, you can have Firefox reopen the windows and tabs you had open the last time you ran Firefox, effectively restoring you to where you were when you last stopped browsing the Internet.This can be a handy way of saving what you were doing when you close Firefox, perhaps to install an operating system update. You can choose this option by selecting Show my windows and tabs from last time.

Home Page

If you've set Firefox to show your home page when you start Firefox, you specify your home page by typing it here. You can also click any of the buttons below the textbox to choose a special home page:

• Use Current Page sets the currently-displayed page (or pages, if you have multiple tabs open) as your home page

• Use Bookmark sets the selected bookmark (or if you select a folder, the set of bookmarks in that folder) as your home page

• Restore to Default resets your home page to the default home page

Add-ons (extensions and themes)

Add-ons (extensions and themes)

Add-ons are small pieces of software which change or add to the appearance or functionality of Firefox. There are two kinds of add-ons: extensions and themes.

Extensions

Extensions add new functionality to Firefox. They can add anything from a toolbar button to a completely new feature. They allow the application to be customized to fit the personal needs of each user while minimizing the size and appearance of the application itself.

Themes

Themes modify Firefox's appearance. They allow you to change the look and feel of Firefox and personalize it to your tastes. A theme can simply change button images, or it can change every piece of Firefox appearance.

Getting and Installing Add-ons

You can download and install many add-ons from Firefox Add-ons. Internet searches will find many other add-ons as well. When you click on a link to install an add-on, Firefox displays a dialog asking you for permission to install the add-on. You can choose to allow the download and installation or to cancel the process.

Using the Add-ons manager

Add-ons are managed in the Add-ons manager. Select Tools > Add-ons to open it.

Updating Add-ons

By default, Firefox will periodically check when a new version for one of your installed add-ons is available. If any are available, it will prompt you at the next start to install any updates. You can change this behavior in the Update tab of the Advanced panel of Options.

You can check for updates manually by selecting the Extensions or Themes panel and clicking the Find Updates button. If updates are available, the Add-ons manager displays an Updates panel, where you can choose the updates you want to install. Click the Install Updates button to update those add-ons. You need to restart Firefox for changes to take effect.

Disabling, Enabling, and Uninstalling Add-ons

If you want to get rid of an extension, you can either disable it temporarily, so it is easily available should you want to enable it again in the future, or uninstall it. Themes can only be uninstalled since all themes except the current one are disabled automatically.

To disable or enable an extension, select the extension of your choice and click its Disable or Enable button. To remove an add-on from Firefox, select the add-on you wish to remove and click its Uninstall button. You need to restart Firefox for changes to take effect.

Further functionality

Further functionality such as Visit Home Page and About is available by selecting the add-on of your choice, right-clicking the add-on and selecting the respective item from the context menu.

Tasks specific to extensions or themes

Configuring Extensions

Extensions often provide a dialog to configure their functionality. To open the options dialog of an extension, select the Extensions panel, select the extension of your choice, and click its Options button, or simply double-click the extension.

Switching Themes

To switch between your installed themes, select the Themes panel, select the theme of your choice, and click its Use Theme button. You need to restart Firefox for changes to take effect.

Customizing Mozilla Firefox

Toolbars

This will tell you how to rearrange, hide, add, and remove toolbars in Firefox. For those who are unfamiliar with the terminology, a toolbar is the (usually gray) box above the area that the web site is displayed.

• Menu Bar: This is the toolbar that contains the browser menus (File, Edit, Help, etc.).

• Navigation Bar: This is the toolbar that contains the Location Bar and the buttons used to navigate web sites.

• Bookmarks Toolbar: This is the toolbar that contains your Bookmarks Toolbar Folder bookmarks.

There are two basic methods of customizing the toolbars in Firefox:

* Rearranging Toolbar Items

* Hiding, Adding, and Removing Toolbars

Rearranging Toolbar Items

To rearrange the items (icons, buttons, text boxes, etc.) on your toolbar, right-click on any part of the toolbar that is not a text box and select Customize.... This will bring up the toolbar customization dialog.

Drag and drop any items you want to and from the toolbars (excluding the menu items). You can also rearrange icons already on the toolbars by dragging and dropping them wherever you wish. When the toolbars and items are arranged the way you want them, click Done.

Special Toolbar Items

There are a few special items that are available to you when customizing the toolbar. They are as follows:

• Separators: These allow you to separate items on the toolbars with a small vertical line.

• Spacers: These allow you to separate items on the toolbars with a fixed-size space, usually around 20 pixels on most themes.

• Flexible spacers: Spacers allow you to separate items on the toolbars with a space. These spacers automatically resize to fill all of the empty space on the toolbar. These are good for positioning items on the right of a toolbar.

Hiding, Adding, and Removing Toolbars

You can hide the Navigation Toolbar and the Bookmarks Toolbar if you do not wish to keep them on your screen. You cannot hide the Menu Bar because you cannot move the menu items (File, Edit, Help, etc.) to a different toolbar, and they must stay on the screen at all times.

To show or hide a toolbar, select View > Toolbars and click the name of the toolbar you want to show or hide.

To add a custom toolbar, select View > Toolbars > Customize. Click on Add New Toolbar (in the bottom of the dialog). This will give you a dialog to enter a name. If you enter a name and click OK, your new toolbar appears. Now you can drag and drop items to it. To remove a custom toolbar, drag and drop all the items from it, and click Done. You can also hide a custom toolbar as described in the previous paragraph.

Using Mozilla Firefox's Download Manager

What is the Download Manager?

The Download Manager is a feature of Firefox that allows you to track and manage your past and current file downloads. It is a convenient way to escape the clutter of multiple downloading windows while still preserving access to download statistics.

The Download Manager will appear when you download files, when you select Tools > Downloads, and when you press Ctrl+J.

What can I do with the Download Manager?

In addition to keeping information on all your downloads in one place, the Download Manager keeps convenient download actions easily accessible for each of your downloads.

Pause

You can pause any downloads currently in progress by clicking the Pause link beside the file entry. This may be useful, for example, if you need to open a small download started after a large download. Pausing downloads gives you the choice to decide which of your downloads are most important. When you want to continue downloading those files, simply use the Resume link to finish those downloads.

Cancel

If after starting a download you decide you no longer need that file, canceling the download is simple: just use the Cancel link beside that file entry to cancel it and free up your connection for your browsing and other downloads.

Open the File

When a download has finished, the Open link will appear by the file entry. Use it to open the file.

Remove the File's Entry

If you do not wish to store information on a particular download, removing the entry is as simple as the click of a mouse. Simply use the Remove link beside the file entry to delete it.

Retry a Download

If for any reason a download does not complete, it is easy to attempt the download again. To recover from a failed download and retry it, just use the Retry link next to the file entry and Firefox will restart the download for you.

Show Download Folder

If you have set Firefox to save all downloads to a folder in Download Manager Options, you can open this folder by clicking the Folder Name at the bottom of the Download Manager window.

Download Manager Options

The options for the Download Manager are accessible by opening the Downloads section of the Main panel in the Options window. They allow you to change several downloading options. More information regarding the various options is available in the Options page.

Making Firefox Your Default Browser

Making Firefox Your Default Browser
Firefox displays web pages on the Internet and on your computer. To easily open web pages, you can make Firefox your default browser.

To make Firefox your default web browser, select Tools > Options and click the Check Now button in the Main panel.

Changing Cache Settings
Firefox stores copies of frequently accessed pages in the cache. By doing this Firefox doesn't have to retrieve the page from the network each time you view the web page.

To set the size of the cache:

1. Select Tools > Options.

2. Open the Advanced panel and click the Network tab.

3. Enter a number in the Use up to field to specify the size of the cache. The default size is 50MB.

Important: A larger cache allows more data to be quickly retrieved, but more of your hard disk space is used.

When you quit Firefox, it performs cache maintenance. If maintenance takes longer than you wish, try reducing the size of the disk cache.

To reload a page at any time, click the Reload button in Firefox's Navigation Toolbar. Firefox then loads and displays the latest version of the page.

Improving Speed and Efficiency

Improving Speed and Efficiency

Managing Different File Types
Firefox can handle many types of files. However, for some files suchas movies or music, Firefox needs Plugins or external applications that can handle those files. If Firefox doesn't have the needed Plugin or doesn't know what application to use to open the file, it can still save the file to your hard disk. When saving files, you can keep track of them using the Download Manager.

Plugins extend Firefox's functionality and run within it. Plugins like Sun Java, Macromedia Flash, and RealNetworks RealPlayer allow Firefox to show multimedia files and run small applications such asmovies, animations, and games. You can find common Plugins on the Plugins page at Mozilla Update.

When files cannot be opened within Firefox, you can choose to open them with applications outside of Firefox. For example, you can use the media player of your choice to play MP3 files.

You can specify how Firefox handles files it can't display in the Download Actions dialog. To open this dialog, select Tools > Options open the Content panel, and click the Manage... button in the File Types section. You can change the action for a file type or remove it. More information about this dialog is available in File Types.

When you click on a file and Firefox doesn't know how to handle it, an Opening dialog box is displayed, offering these choices:

* Open with: Firefox opens the file using the default program in your system settings. You can also choose a different program by selecting Other... in the drop-down list.

* Save to Disk: Firefox allows you to select a location to save the file. If you have selected Save all files to (this folder) in the Main panel of OptionsPreferences, the file will automatically be saved to the default folder; otherwise Firefox will ask you where to save it.

* Do this automatically for files like this from now on:
When this is selected, Firefox will automatically perform the selected action the next time you download a file of this type.

Tip: You can clear your saved optionspreferences for Do this automatically for files like this from now on in the Download Actions dialog.

Printing a Page

Printing a Page
To print the current page:

* Select File > Print.

To print selected text:
* Select the text in the current page.

* Select File > Print. The print dialog box will appear.

* Under Print Range, click Selection.

The web page's author and the size of the printed page, not the size of the onscreen window, determine placement of content on the printed page. Text iswrapped and graphics are repositioned to accommodate paper size.

Using Print Preview
To have an early look at how a page will look before it is printed, you can use Print Preview:

* Select File > Print Preview. In Print Preview, you can do the following with pages you want to print:
* View a preview of each page: Click the Next, Previous, First, or Last button to move between pages.

* Change the scale (size) of pages: In the Scale drop-down menu, choose "50%" to make each page half the size of the original page.
To automatically resize pages so that they fit the width of the paper, choose "Shrink to Fit". You can also type in your own percentage by choosing "Custom...".

* Change the orientation of the page: Choose Portrait to position the page with the shorter side facing up. Choose Landscape to position the page sideways with the longer side facing up.

* Go to Page Setup: Click Page Setup to further customize pages you want to print.

* Go to Print: Click Print to print the pages.

Using Page Setup
Note: Some Page Setup functions are different or unavailable on Mac OS and Linux.

To customize how pages are printed in Firefox, you can use Page Setup:

* Select File > Page Setup.

In Page Setup, you can change the following settings for pages you want to print:

* Format & Options: Choose the orientation, scale, and other options:

o Orientation:

# Portrait: Choose this to position the page normally, with the shorter side facing up.

# Landscape: Choose this to position the page sideways, with the longer side facing up.

* Scale: Type in a percentage of the original size. For example, type "50" to make each page half the size of the original page.

* Shrink To Fit Page Width: Select this to automatically resize the page to the width of the paper.

# Options:

* Print Background (colors and images): Select this to print background images and colors. If unselected only pictures and color in the foreground (in front) are printed.

* Margins & Header/Footer: Click this tab to set up margins, headers, and footers:

o Margins:

+ Top, Bottom, Left, Right: Type a margin in the given units for the top, bottom, left, and right margins.

o Headers & Footers: Each drop-down list represents either a header or a footer area. The top row of drop-down lists are for the left, center, and right header areas. The bottom row are for the left, center, and right footer areas. In each drop-down list, choose one of the following options:

+ --blank--: Show nothing in this area.

+ Title: Show the web page title.

+ URL: Show the web page URL (URL's usually start with "http://").

+ Date/Time: Show the date and time when the web page is printed.

+ Page #: Show the page number of each page.

+ Page # of #: Show the page number along with the total number of pages. For example, if you print a five page web page, "3 of 5" would be shown on the third page.

+ Custom: Type your own text. You can include any of the following codes to print specific information:
# &PT: Page Number with Total (Example: "3 of 5")

# &P: Page Number

# &D: Date
# &U: URL

# &T: Page Title

Tip: To see a preview of changes made to Page Setup, use Print Preview.

Copying, Saving, and Printing Pages

Copying, Saving, and Printing Pages

Copying Part of a Page
To copy text from a page:

1. Select the text.

1. Select Edit > Copy from the Menu Bar.
   

You can paste the text into other programs. To copy a link (URL) or an image link from a page:

1. Position the pointer over the link or image.
2. Right-click on the link or image to display a popup menu.
3. Choose Copy Link Location or Copy Image Location. If an image is also a link, you can choose either menu item.

You can paste the link into other programs or into Firefox's Location Bar.

Saving All or Part of a Page
To save an entire page in Firefox:

1. Select File > Save Page As. You will see the Save As dialog box.

2. Choose a location for the saved page.

3. Choose a format for the page you want to save:

* Web Page, Complete: Save the whole web page along with pictures. This choice allows you to view it as originally shown with pictures, but it may not keep the HTML link structure of the original page. Firefox creates a new directory where the page is saved to save pictures and other files necessary to show the whole web page.

* Web Page, HTML Only: Save the original page without pictures. This choice preserves the original HTML link structure in one file.

* Text file: Save the original page as a text file. This choice will not preserve the original HTML link structure, but will allow you to see a text version of the web page in any text editor.

4. Type a file name for the page and click Save.

To save a frame from within a web page:
1. Position the mouse pointer within the frame.
2. Right-click the frame to display a popup menu.
3. Select This Frame > Save Frame As from the submenu. You will see the Save As dialog box.

4. Choose a location for the saved page.

5. Choose a format for the page you want to save.

6. Type a file name for the page and click Save.

Saving a file onto your hard drive lets you view the page when you aren't connected to the Internet.

To save an image from a page:
1. Position the mouse pointer over the image.

2. Right-click the image to display a popup menu.

3. Select Save Image As. You will see the Save Image dialog box.

4. Choose a location for the saved image.

5. Type a file name for the image and click Save.

To save a page without displaying it (which is useful for retrieving a nonformatted page that isn't intended for viewing):
1. Position the mouse pointer over a link to the page.

2. Right-click the link to display a popup menu.

3. Select Save Link to Disk. You will see the Save As dialog box.

4. Choose a location for the saved page.

5. Type a file name for the page and click Save.

Important: Some links automatically download and save files to your hard drive after you click them. The URLs for these links often begin with "ftp" or end with a file-type extension such as "au" or "mpeg." These links might transmit software, sound, or movie files and can launch helper applications that support the files.

Tip: To set an image as your desktop background, right-click an image and choose Set As Desktop Background... from the popup menu.

Searching

Searching

Searching the Web
Searching for web pages on a particular topic is as easy as typing a few words into Firefox's Search Bar.

For example, if you want to find information about baby dolls:

1. Click in the Search Bar.

2. Type the phrase baby doll. Your typing replaces any text currently in the search bar.

3. Hit EnterReturn to search.

Search results for "baby doll" appear in the Firefox window.

Selecting the Search Engine
You can switch the Search Engine by clicking on its icon and selecting the Search Engine of your choice. Some Search Engines, like Google, search the whole web; others, like Amazon.com, only search specific sites.

Manage Search Engines
Click on the icon of the Search Engine and select Manage Search Engines... to add, reorder, remove, or restore the default Search Engines. Select a Search Engine and click the appropriate button to move it around within the list or to remove it. You can install new search engines by clicking the Get more search engines... link.

Searching the Web for Words Selected in a Web Page
Firefox allows you to search the web for words you select within a web page:

1. Select (highlight) any words in a web page.

2. Right-clickPress Ctrl, click the mouse button, and choose Search [Search Engine]
   For ”[your selected words]" from the popup menu.
   
   

Firefox opens a new tab and uses the currently selected Search Engine to search for your selected words.

Searching Within a Page
To find text within the page you are currently viewing in Firefox:

1. Press Ctrl+F or select Edit > Find in This Page... to open the Find Toolbar at the
   bottom of Firefox.

2. Type the text you want to find. The search automatically begins as soon asyou type something into the search box.

3. The Find Toolbar offers the following choices:
* Next: find text in the page that is below the current cursor position.

* Previous: find text that is above the current cursor position.

* Highlight all: highlight occurrences of your search string in the current page.

* Match case: limit the search to text that has the same capitalization as your search string.

To find the same word or phrase again, press F3 or select Edit > Find Again.

Tip: Enable the Search for text when I start typing option preference in the General tab of the Advanced panel of Tools > Options to enable the Quick Find mode of the Find Toolbar. When enabled, the Quick Find toolbar automatically opens and starts searching as soon as you type something. Unlike the Find Toolbar, the Quick Find toolbar will close automatically after a few seconds of inactivity.

Clicking a Link

Clicking a Link
Most web pages contain links you can click to move to other pages.

1. Move the mouse pointer until it changes to a pointing finger. This happens whenever the pointer is over a link. Most links are underlined text, but buttons and pictures can also be links.

2. Click the link once. While the network locates the link's page, status messages will appear at the bottom of the window.

Retracing Your Steps
There are several ways to revisit pages:

* To go back or forward one page, click the Back or Forward button.

* To go back or forward more than one page, click the small triangles on the Back and Forward buttons. You'll see a list of pages you've recently visited; to return to a page, choose it from the list.

* To see a list of any URLs you've typed into the Location Bar, click the down arrow at the right end of the Location Bar. To view a page, choose it from the list.

* To choose from pages you've visited during the current session, open the History menu and use the list in the bottom section of the menu.

* To choose from pages you've visited during the past several sessions, open the History menu and choose Show in Sidebar. You will see the History Sidebar. The History Sidebar displays a list of folders.

Clicking the folders displays subfolders or titles of web pages.
You can click a page's title to view that page.

Stopping and Reloading

If a page is loading too slowly or you no longer wish to view a page, click the Stop button.

To reload the current page or to get the most up-to-date version, click the Reload button or press Ctrl+R.

Tabbed Browsing
When you visit more than one web page at a time, you can use Tabbed Browsing to navigate the Web faster and easier.

Tabbed Browsing lets you open tabs, each displaying a web page, within a single Firefox window. You don't have to have several windows open to visit several different web pages. This frees up space on your desktop. You can open, close, and reload web pages conveniently in one place withouthaving to switch to another window.

Using the Sidebar
The Sidebar is an area on the left side of the screen that you can use for viewing bookmarks or history. Extensions may add new ways to use the Sidebar as well.

To view an item in the Sidebar, select View > Sidebar. From there you can select the Sidebar tab you want.

Using Mozilla Firefox

Using Mozilla Firefox

Welcome to Mozilla Firefox! Firefox is an Internet browser that you can use to visit web pages and search the Web.

Navigating Web Pages

Viewing Your Home Page

When you start Firefox, you will see your home page. By default, you will see Firefox's home page.

Tips:

* To display more web content on the screen, you can use Full Screen mode.
Full Screen mode condenses the Firefox's Toolbars into one small
toolbar. To enable Full Screen mode, simply select View > Full Screen or press F11.

• To go to your home page quickly, press Alt+Home.
  
  

Moving to Another Page
You can move to a new web page by typing in its Internet address or URL into the Location Bar. URLs normally begin with "http://" followed by one or more names that identify the address. One example is "http://www.mozilla.org/".

1. Click the Location Bar to select the URL that is already there.

2. Type the URL of the page you want to visit. The URL you type replaces
any text already in the Location Bar.

3. Press EnterReturn.

Tip: To quickly select the URL of the Location Bar, press Ctrl+L.

Don't know a URL? Try typing something specific to the page you want to visit, e.g. a name, into the Location Bar and hit EnterReturn. This will take you to the top result in Google for that term.

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